Unveiling tumor-infiltrating immune cell-driven immune-mediated drug resistance in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: prognostic insights and therapeutic strategies
Abstract Introduction Tumor drug resistance, particularly immune-mediated resistance, poses a significant challenge in cancer therapy, especially in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), the most common and aggressive subtype of renal cancer.Tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) within the tumor microenvironment (TME) play pivotal roles in tum